PRE ULTRA - The Extreme Pre-Workout Advantage

PRE Ultra Product Review by Professor Chris McLellan PhD
WHY IS THE BSC PRE ULTRA EXTREME PRE-WORKOUT FORMULA UNIQUE?

BSc PRE ULTRA Extreme Pre-Workout provides a unique 3-in-1 product to optimize daily workouts, maintain focus and improve productivity throughout the day.

1. Increased mental acuity, focus, metabolism, energy and increased exercise performance via four Nootropic delivery vectors: Caffeine Anhydrous, L-Theanine, Ashwagandha (Withania) root (Organic) and Rhodiola Rosea (Organic).
2. Provide a sustained workout performance effect for increased strength, power and muscle pump via L-Citrulline DL-Malate, Beta-Alanine, Glycerol Monostearate, L-Arginine, Agmatine Sulphate and L-Glycine.
3. Instant muscle pump and strength/power boost from an industry-leading dose of L-Citrulline DL-Malate, Beta-Alanine and L-Arginine.
4. Enhanced Performance Matrix and Nootropic Matrix ingredient absorption for rapid action and sustained effect via Black Pepper Extract (Piperine).
5. Prolonged clarity without pre-workout jitters and post-workout crash experienced by heavy stimulants through enhanced absorption of Ashwagandha (Withania) root (Organic) and Rhodiola Rosea (Organic).

HOW DOES BSC PRE ULTRA PROVIDE AN EXTREME PRE-WORKOUT
ADVANTAGE? The BSc PRE ULTRA Extreme Pre-Workout formula provides a unique combination of workout enhancing ingredients delivered at industry-leading therapeutic dosages. This is combined with the consistency of innovation the health and fitness sector has come to expect from BSc via the inclusion of a multi-ingredient Nootropic delivery blend to eliminate the negative effects that are characteristic of high stim pre-workouts on the market, and provide laser-like focus, mental clarity and sustained attention to smashing through workouts. The Performance – Strength, Power and Pump Matrix provides key ingredients to support high-intensity workouts and increase strength, muscle pump and maximum effort intervals through optimized blood flow delivery, increased aerobic production of energy, improved stamina and fatigue resistance and boosted recovery and energy levels. The Nootropic – Focus Energy Matrix prevents the post-workout crash that is characteristic of some high-stim products on the market via the unique blend of anxiolytic (a substance that decreases anxiety) and an adaptogen (a substance that aids adaptation to stressors) to maintain focus and mental clarity through workouts and enhance athletic performance.

WHAT IS A NOOTROPIC?

• Nootropic: A substance that enhances cognition and memory and facilitates learning.
• Nootropics are supplements that improve cognition and are primarily used to improve executive functions, memory, motivation/focus, and calmness.
• The main consumers of nootropics are individuals seeking the benefits of cognitive enhancements, namely students, business executives, entrepreneurs, gamers, and technology industry professionals.

WHAT IS THE NOOTROPIC-FOCUS, ENERGY MATRIX? The Nootropic – Focus Energy Matrix is a unique blend of anxiolytic (a substance that decreases anxiety) and an adaptogen (a substance that aids adaptation to stressors) that boosts mental clarity, focus and calmness without drowsiness to support workout performance and optimise results.

L-Theanine - 200mg (14g serve) / 100mg (7g serve)

• The main benefit of L-Theanine is its ability to induce sustained attention, exert an anti-stress response and promote relaxation without drowsiness. In the PRE Ultra blend, this means maintaining focus and calmness to take full benefit from the Performance Matrix ingredients without negative effects associated with the therapeutic dose of Beta-Alanine.
• Sustained attention over the duration of extended tasks, such as a workout, requiring maintained cognitive effort (1).
• Facilitate an anti-stress effect by calming excitable nerves, resulting in a slower heart rate and lower stress hormone levels (2).
• L-Theanine also provides mood-boosting and nootropic benefits.
• Promotes relaxation without being a sedative, meaning it will not induce drowsiness, yet will result in a calm, focused state of mind (3,4).
• This amino acid is one of the few supplements that is able to pass the blood-brain barrier, which enables its powerful effects and rapid uptake for immediate workout effects by support brain chemicals associated with relaxation: GABA, dopamine and serotonin (6).
• Simultaneously, L-Theanine binds to glutamate receptors to block the excitatory brain chemical L-Glutamate, which triggers stressful, agitated mind-states and may contribute to brain degeneration concerns (7)
• Promotes healthy memory function and focus by supplementing Alpha-1 brain activity (5)
• L-Theanine is also associated with elevated Alpha brain wave activity benefits focus, cognitive performance, learning abilities, boosting neurotransmitters like dopamine in the brain and even promotes creativity!
• This process implements wakeful relaxation, induces relaxed mental clarity, and enhances mood in addition to potential anti-anxiety and anti-stress effects. (5)
• L-Theanine supports memory storage as well as it promotes healthy neurons, a process known as neurogenesis for long term maintenance of optimised brain function.
• L-Theanine is suggested to potentiate the effects of caffeine and has been shown to attenuate the blood vessel constriction and reduction in cerebral circulation that accompanies caffeine consumption (8).

Rhodiola Rosea – 100mg (14g serve) / 50mg (7g serve)

• Rhodiola Rosea is a herbal adaptogen that may strengthen psychological/mental and physical stress resistance — reducing fatigue and exhaustion in prolonged stressful situations while helping to promote mental energy and clear, calm thinking under challenging conditions such as those experienced during intense workouts. Rhodiola Rosea also supports sustained concentrations of acetylcholine, which provides a stimulatory effect on skeletal muscle during exercise and performance (9).
• As an adaptogen, Rhodiola supplies short-term performance support and long-range brain health support by acting on two separate pathways (10):

1. Acute (single) doses of Rhodiola affects the sympathoadrenal-system (SAS), which controls the body’s reaction and adaptation to short-term stressors like emergency “fight-or-flight” situations such as intense workouts or training in extreme environmental conditions.
2. Chronic (repeated/ongoing) adaptogen supplementation may help regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) which is the body’s central regulation system to respond and adapt to stressors over an extended period of time, providing benefit beyond the gym or training environment into daily life and the demands of work, family, travel and study for example.

• Rhodiola Rosea has been established to optimize dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, thereby promoting an unprecedented exercise preparedness environment in conjunction with the BSc Focus, Energy Matrix.
• Dopamine drives reward mechanisms and motivation
• Serotonin promotes mood enhancement
• Norepinephrine elevates heart rate

In combination, the effects of Rhodiola Rosea as a dual Nootropic – Adaptogen ingredient in BSc PRE ULTRA can be beneficial to all individuals seeking improved workout performance, muscle gains and fat loss.

• Rhodiola Rosea has been suggested to exert antioxidant, inflammation-modulating, and structure-supportive effects on the brain that may help with some aspects of age-related cognitive decline (11).
• Rhodiola appears to be serotonergic and increases serotonin levels in the brain and hippocampus
• Appears to be effective, either acutely or with daily supplementation, for reducing perceived fatigue and the subsequent impairment to cognition that results from fatigue in otherwise healthy persons subject to stress or a high workload (12).
• Reduced fatigue and exhaustion in prolonged stressful situations (13)

Caffeine Anhydrous 300mg (14g serve) / 150mg (7g serve)

• Caffeine is well known as a powerful stimulant that is well established to improve physical strength and endurance during exercise and performance.
• Caffeine is also classified as a nootropic due to its role in promoting neuron sensitivity and mental alertness (17).
• Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class used to reduce physical fatigue and to prevent or treat drowsiness (14)
• Caffeine’s main mechanism concerns antagonizing adenosine receptors.
• Adenosine causes sedation and relaxation when it acts upon its receptors, located in the brain.
• Caffeine prevents this action and causes alertness and wakefulness.
• This inhibition of adenosine can influence the dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and adrenaline systems. Caffeine blocks adenosine receptors in the CNS, interfering with an update of cyclic adenosine monophosphate cAMP) phosphatase (14) resulting in a reduction of drowsiness and stimulatory effect.
• cAMP and its associated kinases function in several biochemical processes, including the regulation of glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism
• Research confirms that by increasing the mobilisation of intracellular calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (14, 15) caffeine can immediately increase muscle strength, improve muscle endurance, and decrease muscle fatigue during workouts, which allows you to take your training intensity to a higher level.
• Increased mobilisation of intracellular calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum caffeine can immediately increase muscle strength, improve muscle endurance, and decrease muscle fatigue during workouts, which allows you to take your training intensity to a higher level. (14)
• As a nootropic, caffeine enhances fundamental aspects of cognitive performance, such as attention, vigilance, and reaction time (16).
• Caffeine stimulates the Sympathetic Nervous System via ACTH stimulation of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Arenal Axis to reduce fatigue, increase alertness and optimize training.
• Caffeine is also suggested to be a nitric oxide (NO) booster, 300 mg of caffeine experienced an increase in NO levels and an increase in blood flow to muscles improving exercise performance (14).

Caffeine and L-Theanine combination:

• Caffeine and L-theanine combinations have been reported to produce faster responses in memory and attention.
• L-theanine protects against exciting effects felt from caffeine (18).
• L-theanine and caffeine were also concluded as significantly improving attention during a demanding exercise – this study used a moderate dose of 97mg (L-theanine) and 40mg (caffeine) (19).
• Overall, when combined L-theanine and caffeine improve cognitive performance and attention as opposed to their ‘stand-alone’ effects (18) with the combination demonstrating positive effects on cognitive and visual reaction time showed improvements cognition, with L-theanine and caffeine, in synergy, having an additive effect on attention (20).

Ashwagandha (Withania) root – 100mg (14g serve) / 50mg (7g serve)

• Ashwagandha is typically used in health, wellbeing and performance as an anxiolytic (a substance that decreases anxiety) and an adaptogen (a substance that aids adaptation to stressors), in addition to providing neuroprotection and enhanced athletic performance (21).
• Ashwagandha has demonstrated a cortisol lowering effect and may mitigate stress-induced insomnia, depression, and immunosuppression (22).
• Ashwagandha is highly antistress, and this antistress effect seems to be related to corticosterone signalling as well as suppressing neuronal excitation (nNOS and glutamate) in response to stress (23)
• There are also anxiety-reducing effects secondary to the anti-stress properties, but perhaps also some inherent ones (serotonergic and GABAergic signalling)
• Ashwagandha may also reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), improve physical performance in both sedentary people and athletes (24).
• Oral supplementation of ashwagandha in otherwise healthy persons appears to improve cardiorespiratory parameters during exercise, notably VO2 max; possibly indicative of the neural (power output) and lung interactions more than cardiac tissue though (25)

The Nootropic Matrix found in the BSc PRE ULTRA provides a unique interaction of Ashwagandha and other key ingredients to provide acute improvements in exercise performance through adaptogen related benefits to improve cognition and focus combined with prolonged anxiolytic reductions in the stress response pre-, during and post-workout to optimise health and wellbeing throughout the day.


WHAT IS THE PERFORMANCE-STRENGTH, POWER AND PUMP MATRIX? L-Citrulline DL-Malate - 6000mg (14g serve) / 3000mg (7g serve)

• Citrulline malate is composed of the amino acid citrulline in combination with malic acid (malate).
• In the body, citrulline is readily converted to arginine, and then to nitric oxide (NO) and increases arginine and NO levels in the body better than arginine itself. Once consumed, Arginine is broken down by the intestines and liver however Citrulline does not, therefore once consumed, the Citrulline Malate in BSc PRE ULTRA is readily absorbed and put to use providing reduced fatigue and improved endurance for both aerobic and anaerobic prolonged exercise.
• Supplementation of citrulline has been noted to modulate enzymes in the glycogenolysis (glycogen breakdown) and glycolysis (converting glucose into ATP) pathways in rat skeletal muscle, which was said to shift muscle from aerobic energy metabolism (fatty acid based) to anaerobic (26)
• Supplementation with L-Citrulline malate may improve exercise performance through two mechanisms.1) facilitating removal of ammonia from exercising muscles, citrulline enhances cellular metabolism, improves energy production and extends exercise times. Ammonia normally signals for muscle fatigue when it accumulates due to inhibiting the conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA (via activating phosphofructokinase)[55][56] which hinders contractility of muscles (27) 2) increasing nitric oxide production, citrulline improves blood flow, which not only delivers more oxygen and nutrients to metabolically active tissues but also hastens the removal of waste products (28).
• Malic acid takes part in aerobic cellular respiration where oxygen and a carbon compound (acetyl Co-A) are used to produce immediate energy and CO2 in the mitochondria of the cell in what is called the Krebs cycle, a major producer of aerobic energy within the mitochondria.
• Malate is responsible for the process of recycling lactate and pyruvate to promote efficient energy production and protect muscles from fatigue.
• This combination provides athletes with a new and unique opportunity to fight muscle fatigue and improve sports performance while speeding up and enhancing muscle and energy recovery post intense exercise.
• Citrulline Malate has several positive effects on aerobic exercise performance including:
  • increased aerobic production of energy
  • Improved stamina and fatigue resistance
  • improved recovery and energy levels (27)
• Citrulline will assist you in training harder and longer during intense exercise sessions in a similar manner to the energy production of creatine, without any side effects of cramping, bloating or water retention.
• Citrulline Malate supplementation in the 6-gram dose range as found in BSc PRE ULTRA, is highly effective at increasing ATP production by 30%, significantly reducing muscle fatigue and a dramatic increase in phosphocreatine levels post-exercise (29)..
• Citrulline supplementation rapidly speeds up the removal of this lactic acid and ammonia waste products from your working muscles, resulting in a better performance from the working muscle tissue and allowing you to train harder and recover much faster with each workout (27).

Beta-Alanine - 2000mg (14g serve) / 1000mg (7g serve)

• Beta-alanine is well established as a product that can enhance muscular endurance.
• Beta-alanine supplementation can also improve moderate- to high-intensity cardiovascular exercise performance, like rowing or sprinting making it a perfect ingredient to fuel high-intensity workouts within the BSc PRE ULTRA Performance Matrix blend.
• When ingested, Beta-alanine is taken up by muscle fibres and combines with the amino acid histidine to form carnosine, which acts as an acid buffer in the body during exercise being released in response to drops in pH (29).
• Carnosine can also protect against diet-induced drops in pH and offer protection from exercise-induced lactic acid production.
• Large doses of beta-alanine may result in a tingling feeling called paresthesia. This harmless side effect can be avoided by using a time-release formulation or by taking smaller doses (0.8–1 g) several times a day (30).
• Research suggests that carnosine supports increases in strength and power, particularly efforts lasting 60–240s (31) in addition to improves anaerobic and aerobic endurance (32) through the reduction of the perception of fatigue and delay volitional exhaustion (33).

Glycerol Monostearate - 1500mg (14g serve) / 750mg (7g serve)

• Glycerol monostearate, commonly known as GMS, is a monoglyceride commonly used as an emulsifier in foods that have been found to increase vascularity, improve exercise performance and thermoregulation of the body especially under hot conditions (35).
• Glycerol monostearate plays a role in the reduction of serum blood osmolality and the effects on ionic gradients that delay fatigue, thereby enhancing endurance and athletic performance (36).
• When consumed orally, glycerol is rapidly absorbed and distributed between body fluid compartments before being slowly metabolized via the liver and kidneys. When consumed in combination with fluid the osmotic pressure enhances the retention of this fluid and the expansion of various body fluid spaces facilitating water retention for the preservation of exercise performance by as much as 24% (37, 38, 39).

L-Arginine - 1000mg (14g serve) / 500mg (7g serve)

• L-arginine is an α-amino is classified as a semi-essential or conditionally essential amino acid, depending on the developmental stage and health status of the individual that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is converted in the body into nitric oxide (40, 41).
• Nitric oxide causes blood vessels to open wider for improved blood flow for improved exercise performance.
• The main mechanism by which arginine supplementation (and by extension, L-Citrulline supplementation) influences health, wellness and exercise performance is as a substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and subsequent production of nitric oxide (42)
• L-arginine also stimulates the release of growth hormone, insulin, and other substances in the body (43).
• Benefits to exercise performance associated with L-Arginine supplementation include a reduction in the oxygen cost of exercise and a resultant increase in time to exhaustion (44)

Agmatine Sulphate - 500mg (14g serve) / 250mg (7g serve)

• Agmatine is derived from the amino acid L-arginine, it is typically found within the neurons and is released during neuronal activation and is therefore considered to be a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. (45)
• Microbes in the gut produce the highest levels of agmatine, it is also produced in small amounts by the mitochondria in the liver.
• Agmatine has several mechanisms.
  • It can inhibit N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and activate imidazoline receptors.
  • Agmatine can also inhibit nitric oxide synthase enzymes, which allows it to regulate elevated levels of nitric oxide contributing to improved blood flow and exercise performance (46)
• Agmatine can inhibit calcium channels and certain serotonin receptors while optimising glucose transportation and stabilization of muscle glycogen concentrations during exercise, prolonging the onset of fatigue (47,48)
• Arginine is associated with an increased hormone release, such as growth hormone, and to increase blood flow by widening blood vessels (49) thereby contributing to the capacity to undertake intense workouts for strength, speed, power, endurance and fat loss.

L-Glycine - 339mg (14g serve) / 170mg (7g serve)

• Glycine is the primary amino acid in collagen and neurotransmitter that serves many important roles in the body through structural and regulatory actions, forming a building block for protein and muscle growth and repair.
• As an amino acid, glycine plays an essential role in protein synthesis, especially collagen synthesis associated with muscle growth and repair (50).
• Glycine is an important signalling molecule that acts as an inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and spinal cord, where it is involved in reflex coordination, the processing of sensory signals, and the sensation of pain and fatigue (51).
• In the central nervous system, glycine plays a crucial role as a neurotransmitter, controlling the intake of food, behaviour, and complete body homeostasis (52)
• Glycine plays multiple critical roles within the body as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cryoprotective, and immunomodulatory regulator in peripheral and nervous tissues (53)

WHAT IS THE BENEFIT OF THE ABSORPTION ENHANCER INGREDIENTS? Black Pepper Extract (Piperine) - 10mg (14g serve) / 5mg (7g serve)

• Black Pepper is a source of piperine that is a monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) categorized as either a lipid or an alkaloid that affects the neurotransmitter communication between brain cells (54)
• Piperine prevents this mechanism by which monoamine oxidase removes neurotransmitters from the CNS leaving these transmitters available to stimulate brain cells and increase their absorption rates to maintain mental clarity and focus during workouts.
• Within muscle tissue, Piperine has multiple biological activities, including increased glucose uptake by activating AMPK (55, 56) contributing to improved strength, speed, power and endurance and the preservation of workout performance delaying the onset of fatigue.

HOW DOES BSC PRE ULTRA PROVIDE A UNIQUE BLEND OF INGREDIENTS TO IMPROVE WORKOUT PERFORMANCE?

• The Performance Matrix in BSc Pre Ultra that includes industry-leading doses Citrulline Malate, Beta-Alanine, Glycerol Monostearate, L-Arginine, Agmatine Sulphate and L-Glycine provides a synergistic blend that rapidly speeds up the removal of these lactic acid and ammonia waste products from working muscles, to facilitate better performance from the working muscle tissue, increased time to exhaustion, optimised glucose transport to working muscle providing the perfect environment to train harder and recover much faster with each workout.
• Improved exercise performance is only part of the overall puzzle when it comes to peak exercise performance so the team at BSc have delivered a revolutionary Nootropic Focus Energy Matrix that provides clinical quantities of Caffeine Anhydrous, L-Theanine, Ashwagandha (Withania) root and Rhodiola Rosea to increased mental acuity, focus, metabolism, energy and increased exercise performance supported by the absorption enhancing properties of Black Pepper to increase and sustain strength, speed, power and endurance for the preservation of workout performance by delaying the onset of fatigue.

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